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# QKeySequence Class Reference
[QtGui module]

The QKeySequence class encapsulates a key sequence as used by shortcuts. More...

     #include <QKeySequence>

- List of all members, including inherited members
- Obsolete members

### Public Types

- enum SequenceFormat { NativeText, PortableText }
- enum SequenceMatch { NoMatch, PartialMatch, ExactMatch }
- enum StandardKey { UnknownKey, HelpContents, WhatsThis, Open, ..., DeleteEndOfLine }

### Public Functions

- QKeySequence ()
- QKeySequence ( const QString & key )
- QKeySequence ( int k1, int k2 = 0, int k3 = 0, int k4 = 0 )
- QKeySequence ( const QKeySequence & keysequence )
- QKeySequence ( StandardKey key )
- ~QKeySequence ()
- uint count () const
- bool isEmpty () const
- SequenceMatch matches ( const QKeySequence & seq ) const
- QString toString ( SequenceFormat format = PortableText ) const
- operator QVariant () const
- bool operator!= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- bool operator< ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- bool operator<= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- QKeySequence & operator= ( const QKeySequence & other )
- bool operator== ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- bool operator> ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- bool operator>= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const
- int operator[] ( uint index ) const

### Static Public Members

- QKeySequence fromString ( const QString & str, SequenceFormat format = PortableText )
- QList<QKeySequence> keyBindings ( StandardKey key )
- QKeySequence mnemonic ( const QString & text )

### Related Non-Members

- QDataStream & operator<< ( QDataStream & stream, const QKeySequence & sequence )
- QDataStream & operator>> ( QDataStream & stream, QKeySequence & sequence )

## Detailed Description

The QKeySequence class encapsulates a key sequence as used by shortcuts.

A key sequence consists of up to four keyboard codes, each optionally combined with modifiers, such as Qt::SHIFT, Qt::CTRL, Qt::ALT or Qt::META. For example, Qt::CTRL + Qt::Key_P might be a sequence used as a shortcut for printing a document. Valid codes for keys and modifiers are listed in Qt::Key and Qt::Modifier. As an alternative, use the unicode code point of the character; for example, 'A' gives the same key sequence as Qt::Key_A.

Key sequences can be constructed either from an integer key code, or from a human readable translatable string such as "Ctrl+X,Alt+Space". A key sequence can be cast to a QString to obtain a human readable translated version of the sequence. Translations are done in the "QShortcut" context.

Note: On Mac OS X, references to "Ctrl", Qt::CTRL, Qt::Control and Qt::ControlModifier correspond to the Command keys on the Macintosh keyboard, and references to "Meta", Qt::META, Qt::Meta and Qt::MetaModifier correspond to the Control keys. Developers on Mac OS X can use the same shortcut descriptions across all platforms, and their applications will automatically work as expected on Mac OS X.

The toString() function produces human-readable strings for use in menus. On Mac OS X, the appropriate symbols are used to describe keyboard shortcuts using special keys on the Macintosh keyboard.

### Standard Shortcuts

QKeySequence defines many StandardKey standard keyboard shortcuts to reduce the amount of effort required when setting up actions in a typical application. The table below shows some common key sequences that are often used for these standard shortcuts by applications on four widely-used platforms. Note that on Mac OS X, the Ctrl value corresponds to the Command keys on the Macintosh keyboard, and the Meta value corresponds to the Control keys.

StandardKey | Windows | Mac OS X | KDE | GNOME
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
HelpContents | F1 | Ctrl+? | F1 | F1
WhatsThis | Shift+F1 | Shift+F1 | Shift+F1 | Shift+F1
Open | Ctrl+O | Ctrl+O | Ctrl+O | Ctrl+O
Close | Ctrl+F4, Ctrl+W | Ctrl+W, Ctrl+F4 | Ctrl+W | Ctrl+W
Save | Ctrl+S | Ctrl+S | Ctrl+S | Ctrl+S
New | Ctrl+N | Ctrl+N | Ctrl+N | Ctrl+N
Delete | Del | Del, Meta+D | Del, Ctrl+D | Del, Ctrl+D
Cut | Ctrl+X, Shift+Del | Ctrl+X | Ctrl+X, F20, Shift+Del | Ctrl+X, F20, Shift+Del
Copy | Ctrl+C, Ctrl+Ins | Ctrl+C | Ctrl+C, F16, Ctrl+Ins | Ctrl+C, F16, Ctrl+Ins
Paste | Ctrl+V, Shift+Ins | Ctrl+V | Ctrl+V, F18, Shift+Ins | Ctrl+V, F18, Shift+Ins
Undo | Ctrl+Z, Alt+Backspace | Ctrl+Z | Ctrl+Z, F14 | Ctrl+Z, F14
Redo | Ctrl+Y, Shift+Ctrl+Z, Alt+Shift+Backspace | Ctrl+Shift+Z, Ctrl+Y | Ctrl+Shift+Z | Ctrl+Shift+Z
Back | Alt+Left, Backspace | Ctrl+[ | Alt+Left | Alt+Left
Forward | Alt+Right, Shift+Backspace | Ctrl+] | Alt+Right | Alt+Right
Refresh | F5 | F5 | F5 | Ctrl+R, F5
ZoomIn | Ctrl+Plus | Ctrl+Plus | Ctrl+Plus | Ctrl+Plus
ZoomOut | Ctrl+Minus | Ctrl+Minus | Ctrl+Minus | Ctrl+Minus
Print | Ctrl+P | Ctrl+P | Ctrl+P | Ctrl+P
AddTab | Ctrl+T | Ctrl+T | Ctrl+Shift+N, Ctrl+T | Ctrl+T
NextChild | Ctrl+Tab, Forward, Ctrl+F6 | Ctrl+}, Forward, Ctrl+Tab | Ctrl+Tab, Forward, Ctrl+Comma | Ctrl+Tab, Forward
PreviousChild | Ctrl+Shift+Tab, Back, Ctrl+Shift+F6 | Ctrl+{, Back, Ctrl+Shift+Tab | Ctrl+Shift+Tab, Back, Ctrl+Period | Ctrl+Shift+Tab, Back
Find | Ctrl+F | Ctrl+F | Ctrl+F | Ctrl+F
FindNext | F3, Ctrl+G | Ctrl+G | F3 | Ctrl+G, F3
FindPrevious | Shift+F3, Ctrl+Shift+G | Ctrl+Shift+G | Shift+F3 | Ctrl+Shift+G, F3
Replace | Ctrl+H | (none) | Ctrl+R | Ctrl+H
SelectAll | Ctrl+A | Ctrl+A | Ctrl+A | Ctrl+A
Bold | Ctrl+B | Ctrl+B | Ctrl+B | Ctrl+B
Italic | Ctrl+I | Ctrl+I | Ctrl+I | Ctrl+I
Underline | Ctrl+U | Ctrl+U | Ctrl+U | Ctrl+U
MoveToNextChar | Right | Right | Right | Right
MoveToPreviousChar | Left | Left | Left | Left
MoveToNextWord | Ctrl+Right | Alt+Right | Ctrl+Right | Ctrl+Right
MoveToPreviousWord | Ctrl+Left | Alt+Left | Ctrl+Left | Ctrl+Left
MoveToNextLine | Down | Down | Down | Down
MoveToPreviousLine | Up | Up | Up | Up
MoveToNextPage | PgDown | PgDown, Alt+PgDown, Meta+Down, Meta+PgDown | PgDown | PgDown
MoveToPreviousPage | PgUp | PgUp, Alt+PgUp, Meta+Up, Meta+PgUp | PgUp | PgUp
MoveToStartOfLine | Home | Ctrl+Left, Meta+Left | Home | Home
MoveToEndOfLine | End | Ctrl+Right, Meta+Right | End | End
MoveToStartOfBlock | (none) | Alt+Up, Meta+A | (none) | (none)
MoveToEndOfBlock | (none) | Alt+Down, Meta+E | (none) | (none)
MoveToStartOfDocument | Ctrl+Home | Ctrl+Up, Home | Ctrl+Home | Ctrl+Home
MoveToEndOfDocument | Ctrl+End | Ctrl+Down, End | Ctrl+End | Ctrl+End
SelectNextChar | Shift+Right | Shift+Right | Shift+Right | Shift+Right
SelectPreviousChar | Shift+Left | Shift+Left | Shift+Left | Shift?left
SelectNextWord | Ctrl+Shift+Right | Alt+Shift+Right | Ctrl+Shift+Right | Ctrl+Shift+Right
SelectPreviousWord | Ctrl+Shift+Left | Alt+Shift+Left | Ctrl+Shift+Left | Ctrl+Shift+Left
SelectNextLine | Shift+Down | Shift+Down | Shift+Down | Shift+Down
SelectPreviousLine | Shift+Up | Shift+Up | Shift+Up | Shift+Up
SelectNextPage | Shift+PgDown | Shift+PgDown | Shift+PgDown | Shift+PgDown
SelectPreviousPage | Shift+PgUp | Shift+PgUp | Shift+PgUp | Shift+PgUp
SelectStartOfLine | Shift+Home | Ctrl+Shift+Left | Shift+Home | Shift+Home
SelectEndOfLine | Shift+End | Ctrl+Shift+Right | Shift+End | Shift+End
SelectStartOfBlock | (none) | Alt+Shift+Up | (none) | (none)
SelectEndOfBlock | (none) | Alt+Shift+Down | (none) | (none)
SelectStartOfDocument | Ctrl+Shift+Home | Ctrl+Shift+Up, Shift+Home | Ctrl+Shift+Home | Ctrl+Shift+Home
SelectEndOfDocument | Ctrl+Shift+End | Ctrl+Shift+Down, Shift+End | Ctrl+Shift+End | Ctrl+Shift+End
DeleteStartOfWord | Ctrl+Backspace | Alt+Backspace | Ctrl+Backspace | Ctrl+Backspace
DeleteEndOfWord | Ctrl+Del | (none) | Ctrl+Del | Ctrl+Del
DeleteEndOfLine | (none) | (none) | Ctrl+K | Ctrl+K

Note that, since the key sequences used for the standard shortcuts differ between platforms, you still need to test your shortcuts on each platform to ensure that you do not unintentionally assign the same key sequence to many actions.

See also QShortcut.

## Member Type Documentation

### enum QKeySequence::SequenceFormat

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QKeySequence::NativeText` | `0` | The key sequence as a platform specific string. This means that it will be shown translated and on the Mac it will resemble a keysequence from the menu bar. This enum is best used when you want to display the string to the user.
`QKeySequence::PortableText` | `1` | The key sequence is given in a "portable" format, suitable for reading and writing to a file. In many cases, it will look similar to the native text on Windows and X11.

### enum QKeySequence::SequenceMatch

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QKeySequence::NoMatch` | `0` | The key sequences are different; not even partially matching.
`QKeySequence::PartialMatch` | `1` | The key sequences match partially, but are not the same.
`QKeySequence::ExactMatch` | `2` | The key sequences are the same.

### enum QKeySequence::StandardKey

This enum represent standard key bindings. They can be used to assign platform dependent keyboard shortcuts to a QAction. QKeyEvent also provides the function QKeyEvent::standardKey() to query if it matches an existing key binding.

Note that the key bindings are platform dependent. The currently bound shortcuts can be queried using keyBindings().

Constant | Value | Description
--- | --- | ---
`QKeySequence::UnknownKey` | `0` | Unbound key.
`QKeySequence::HelpContents` | `1` | Open help contents.
`QKeySequence::WhatsThis` | `2` | Activate whats this.
`QKeySequence::Open` | `3` | Open Document.
`QKeySequence::Close` | `4` | Close Document/Tab.
`QKeySequence::Save` | `5` | Save Document.
`QKeySequence::New` | `6` | Create new Document.
`QKeySequence::Delete` | `7` | Delete.
`QKeySequence::Cut` | `8` | Cut.
`QKeySequence::Copy` | `9` | Copy.
`QKeySequence::Paste` | `10` | Paste.
`QKeySequence::Undo` | `11` | Undo.
`QKeySequence::Redo` | `12` | Redo.
`QKeySequence::Back` | `13` | Navigate back.
`QKeySequence::Forward` | `14` | Navigate forward.
`QKeySequence::Refresh` | `15` | Refresh or reload current document.
`QKeySequence::ZoomIn` | `16` | Zoom in.
`QKeySequence::ZoomOut` | `17` | Zoom out.
`QKeySequence::Print` | `18` | Print document.
`QKeySequence::AddTab` | `19` | Add new tab.
`QKeySequence::NextChild` | `20` | Navigate to next tab or child window.
`QKeySequence::PreviousChild` | `21` | Navigate to previous tab or child window.
`QKeySequence::Find` | `22` | Find in document.
`QKeySequence::FindNext` | `23` | Find next result.
`QKeySequence::FindPrevious` | `24` | Find previous result.
`QKeySequence::Replace` | `25` | Find and replace.
`QKeySequence::SelectAll` | `26` | Select all text.
`QKeySequence::Bold` | `27` | Bold text.
`QKeySequence::Italic` | `28` | Italic text.
`QKeySequence::Underline` | `29` | Underline text.
`QKeySequence::MoveToNextChar` | `30` | Move cursor to next character.
`QKeySequence::MoveToPreviousChar` | `31` | Move cursor to previous character.
`QKeySequence::MoveToNextWord` | `32` | Move cursor to next word.
`QKeySequence::MoveToPreviousWord` | `33` | Move cursor to previous word.
`QKeySequence::MoveToNextLine` | `34` | Move cursor to next line.
`QKeySequence::MoveToPreviousLine` | `35` | Move cursor to previous line.
`QKeySequence::MoveToNextPage` | `36` | Move cursor to next page.
`QKeySequence::MoveToPreviousPage` | `37` | Move cursor to previous page.
`QKeySequence::MoveToStartOfLine` | `38` | Move cursor to start of line.
`QKeySequence::MoveToEndOfLine` | `39` | Move cursor to end of line.
`QKeySequence::MoveToStartOfBlock` | `40` | Move cursor to start of a block. This shortcut is only used on OS X.
`QKeySequence::MoveToEndOfBlock` | `41` | Move cursor to end of block. This shortcut is only used on the OS X.
`QKeySequence::MoveToStartOfDocument` | `42` | Move cursor to start of document.
`QKeySequence::MoveToEndOfDocument` | `43` | Move cursor to end of document.
`QKeySequence::SelectNextChar` | `44` | Extend selection to next character.
`QKeySequence::SelectPreviousChar` | `45` | Extend selection to previous character.
`QKeySequence::SelectNextWord` | `46` | Extend selection to next word.
`QKeySequence::SelectPreviousWord` | `47` | Extend selection to previous word.
`QKeySequence::SelectNextLine` | `48` | Extend selection to next line.
`QKeySequence::SelectPreviousLine` | `49` | Extend selection to previous line.
`QKeySequence::SelectNextPage` | `50` | Extend selection to next page.
`QKeySequence::SelectPreviousPage` | `51` | Extend selection to previous page.
`QKeySequence::SelectStartOfLine` | `52` | Extend selection to start of line.
`QKeySequence::SelectEndOfLine` | `53` | Extend selection to end of line.
`QKeySequence::SelectStartOfBlock` | `54` | Extend selection to the start of a text block. This shortcut is only used on OS X.
`QKeySequence::SelectEndOfBlock` | `55` | Extend selection to the end of a text block. This shortcut is only used on OS X.
`QKeySequence::SelectStartOfDocument` | `56` | Extend selection to start of document.
`QKeySequence::SelectEndOfDocument` | `57` | Extend selection to end of document.
`QKeySequence::DeleteStartOfWord` | `58` | Delete the beginning of a word up to the cursor.
`QKeySequence::DeleteEndOfWord` | `59` | Delete word from the end of the cursor.
`QKeySequence::DeleteEndOfLine` | `60` | Delete end of line.

This enum was introduced in Qt 4.2.

## Member Function Documentation

### QKeySequence::QKeySequence ()

Constructs an empty key sequence.

### QKeySequence::QKeySequence ( const QString & key )

Creates a key sequence from the key string. For example "Ctrl+O" gives CTRL+'O'. The strings "Ctrl", "Shift", "Alt" and "Meta" are recognized, as well as their translated equivalents in the "QShortcut" context (using QObject::tr()).

Up to four key codes may be entered by separating them with commas, e.g. "Alt+X,Ctrl+S,Q".

This constructor is typically used with tr(), so that shortcut keys can be replaced in translations:

     QMenu *file = new QMenu(this);
     file->addAction(tr("&Open..."), this, SLOT(open()),
                       QKeySequence(tr("Ctrl+O", "File|Open")));

Note the "File|Open" translator comment. It is by no means necessary, but it provides some context for the human translator.

### QKeySequence::QKeySequence ( int k1, int k2 = 0, int k3 = 0, int k4 = 0 )

Constructs a key sequence with up to 4 keys k1, k2, k3 and k4.

The key codes are listed in Qt::Key and can be combined with modifiers (see Qt::Modifier) such as Qt::SHIFT, Qt::CTRL, Qt::ALT, or Qt::META.

### QKeySequence::QKeySequence ( const QKeySequence & keysequence )

Copy constructor. Makes a copy of keysequence.

### QKeySequence::QKeySequence ( StandardKey key )

Constructs a QKeySequence object for the given key. The result will depend on the currently running platform.

The resulting object will be based on the first element in the list of key bindings for the key.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.2.

### QKeySequence::~QKeySequence ()

Destroys the key sequence.

### uint QKeySequence::count () const

Returns the number of keys in the key sequence. The maximum is 4.

### QKeySequence QKeySequence::fromString ( const QString & str, SequenceFormat format = PortableText ) `[static]`

Return a QKeySequence from the string str based on format.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.1.

See also toString().

### bool QKeySequence::isEmpty () const

Returns true if the key sequence is empty; otherwise returns false.

### QList<QKeySequence> QKeySequence::keyBindings ( StandardKey key ) `[static]`

Returns a list of key bindings for the given key. The result of calling this function will vary based on the target platform. The first element of the list indicates the primary shortcut for the given platform. If the result contains more than one result, these can be considered alternative shortcuts on the same platform for the given key.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.2.

### SequenceMatch QKeySequence::matches ( const QKeySequence & seq ) const

Matches the sequence with seq. Returns ExactMatch if successful, PartialMatch if seq matches incompletely, and NoMatch if the sequences have nothing in common. Returns NoMatch if seq is shorter.

### QKeySequence QKeySequence::mnemonic ( const QString & text ) `[static]`

Returns the shortcut key sequence for the mnemonic in text, or an empty key sequence if no mnemonics are found.

For example, mnemonic("E&xit") returns `Qt::ALT+Qt::Key_X`, mnemonic("&Quit") returns `ALT+Key_Q`, and mnemonic("Quit") returns an empty QKeySequence.

We provide a list of common mnemonics in English. At the time of writing, Microsoft and Open Group do not appear to have issued equivalent recommendations for other languages.

### QString QKeySequence::toString ( SequenceFormat format = PortableText ) const

Return a string representation of the key sequence, based on format.

For example, the value Qt::CTRL+Qt::Key_O results in "Ctrl+O". If the key sequence has multiple key codes, each is separated by commas in the string returned, such as "Alt+X, Ctrl+Y, Z". The strings, "Ctrl", "Shift", etc. are translated using QObject::tr() in the "QShortcut" context.

If the key sequence has no keys, an empty string is returned.

On Mac OS X, the string returned resembles the sequence that is shown in the menubar.

This function was introduced in Qt 4.1.

See also fromString().

### QKeySequence::operator QVariant () const

Returns the key sequence as a QVariant

### bool QKeySequence::operator!= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Returns true if this key sequence is not equal to the other key sequence; otherwise returns false.

### bool QKeySequence::operator< ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Provides an arbitrary comparison of this key sequence and other key sequence. All that is guaranteed is that the operator returns false if both key sequences are equal and that (ks1 < ks2) == !( ks2 < ks1) if the key sequences are not equal.

This function is useful in some circumstances, for example if you want to use QKeySequence objects as keys in a QMap.

See also operator==(), operator!=(), operator>(), operator<=(), and operator>=().

### bool QKeySequence::operator<= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Returns true if this key sequence is smaller or equal to the other key sequence; otherwise returns false.

See also operator==(), operator!=(), operator<(), operator>(), and operator>=().

### QKeySequence & QKeySequence::operator= ( const QKeySequence & other )

Assignment operator. Assigns the other key sequence to this object.

### bool QKeySequence::operator== ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Returns true if this key sequence is equal to the other key sequence; otherwise returns false.

### bool QKeySequence::operator> ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Returns true if this key sequence is larger than the other key sequence; otherwise returns false.

See also operator==(), operator!=(), operator<(), operator<=(), and operator>=().

### bool QKeySequence::operator>= ( const QKeySequence & other ) const

Returns true if this key sequence is larger or equal to the other key sequence; otherwise returns false.

See also operator==(), operator!=(), operator<(), operator>(), and operator<=().

### int QKeySequence::operator[] ( uint index ) const

Returns a reference to the element at position index in the key sequence. This can only be used to read an element.

## Related Non-Members

### QDataStream & operator<< ( QDataStream & stream, const QKeySequence & sequence )

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience.

Writes the key sequence to the stream.

See also Format of the QDataStream operators.

### QDataStream & operator>> ( QDataStream & stream, QKeySequence & sequence )

This is an overloaded member function, provided for convenience.

Reads a key sequence from the stream into the key sequence.

See also Format of the QDataStream operators.