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# Qt Tutorial 6 - Building Blocks Galore!

Files:

- tutorial/t6/main.cpp

This example shows how to encapsulate two widgets into a new component and how easy it is to use many widgets. For the first time, we use a custom widget as a child widget.

        #include <QApplication>
        #include <QFont>
        #include <QGridLayout>
        #include <QLCDNumber>
        #include <QPushButton>
        #include <QSlider>
        #include <QVBoxLayout>
        #include <QWidget>

        class LCDRange : public QWidget
        {
        public:
            LCDRange(QWidget *parent = 0);
        };

        LCDRange::LCDRange(QWidget *parent)
            : QWidget(parent)
        {
            QLCDNumber *lcd = new QLCDNumber(2);
            lcd->setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber::Filled);

            QSlider *slider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal);
            slider->setRange(0, 99);
            slider->setValue(0);
            connect(slider, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)),
                    lcd, SLOT(display(int)));

            QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout;
            layout->addWidget(lcd);
            layout->addWidget(slider);
            setLayout(layout);
        }

        class MyWidget : public QWidget
        {
        public:
            MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
        };

        MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent)
            : QWidget(parent)
        {
            QPushButton *quit = new QPushButton(tr("Quit"));
            quit->setFont(QFont("Times", 18, QFont::Bold));
            connect(quit, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit()));

            QGridLayout *grid = new QGridLayout;
            for (int row = 0; row < 3; ++row) {
                for (int column = 0; column < 3; ++column) {
                    LCDRange *lcdRange = new LCDRange;
                    grid->addWidget(lcdRange, row, column);
                }
            }

            QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout;
            layout->addWidget(quit);
            layout->addLayout(grid);
            setLayout(layout);
        }

        int main(int argc, char *argv[])
        {
            QApplication app(argc, argv);
            MyWidget widget;
            widget.show();
            return app.exec();
        }

## Line by Line Walkthrough

        class LCDRange : public QWidget
        {
        public:
            LCDRange(QWidget *parent = 0);
        };

The `LCDRange` widget is a widget without any API. It just has a constructor. This sort of widget is not very useful, so we'll add some API later.

        LCDRange::LCDRange(QWidget *parent)
            : QWidget(parent)
        {
            QLCDNumber *lcd = new QLCDNumber(2);
            lcd->setSegmentStyle(QLCDNumber::Filled);

            QSlider *slider = new QSlider(Qt::Horizontal);
            slider->setRange(0, 99);
            slider->setValue(0);
            connect(slider, SIGNAL(valueChanged(int)),
                    lcd, SLOT(display(int)));

            QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout;
            layout->addWidget(lcd);
            layout->addWidget(slider);
            setLayout(layout);
        }

This is lifted straight from the `MyWidget` constructor in Chapter 5. The only differences are that the Quit button is left out and the class is renamed.

        class MyWidget : public QWidget
        {
        public:
            MyWidget(QWidget *parent = 0);
        };

`MyWidget`, too, contains no API except a constructor.

        MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent)
            : QWidget(parent)
        {
            QPushButton *quit = new QPushButton(tr("Quit"));
            quit->setFont(QFont("Times", 18, QFont::Bold));
            connect(quit, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit()));

The push button that used to be in what is now `LCDRange` has been separated so that we can have one Quit button and many `LCDRange` objects.

            QGridLayout *grid = new QGridLayout;

We create a QWidget with a QGridLayout that will contain three columns. The QGridLayout automatically arranges its widgets in rows and columns; you can specify the row and column numbers when adding widgets to the layout, and QGridLayout will fit them into the grid.

            for (int row = 0; row < 3; ++row) {
                for (int column = 0; column < 3; ++column) {
                    LCDRange *lcdRange = new LCDRange;
                    grid->addWidget(lcdRange, row, column);
                }
            }

We create nine `LCDRange` widgets, all of which are children of the grid object, and we arrange them in three rows and three columns.

        }

That's all.

## Running the Application

This program shows how easy it is to use many widgets at a time. Each one behaves like the slider and LCD number in the previous chapter. Again, the difference lies in the implementation.

## Exercises

Initialize each slider with a different/random value on startup.

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